https://images.search.yahoo.com/yhs...s/img/black-pharaohs-hdr-615.jpg&action=click
Statues of the kings of Kush.
https://www.phil.muni.cz/jazyk/files/AAmigrationsCORR.pdf
"To map the early Afroasiatic migrations, it is necessary to localize in space and time the Afroasiatic homeland.
The assumed locations usually correlate with the areas of individual branches:
"Cushitic/Omotic: North Sudan, Ethiopia and Eritrea between the Nile, Atbara and Red Sea Ehret (1979, 165); similarly Fleming (2006, 152 57)
Blench (2006). "
The "Horn" area under consideration for the Cushitic Uhrheimat does not include Somalia. Note additionally that Cruciani's "northeast" Africa is Libya and Egypt, also not Somalia.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afroasiatic_Urheimat
-
"The
Horn of Africa, particularly the area of
Ethiopia and
Eritrea, has been proposed by some linguists as the origin of the language group because it includes the majority of the diversity of the
Afroasiatic language family and has very diverse groups in close geographic proximity, sometimes considered a telltale sign for a linguistic geographic origin. Within this hypothesis there are several variants:
- Christopher Ehret has proposed the western Red Sea coast from Eritrea to southeastern Egypt. While Ehret disputes Militarev's proposal that Proto-Afroasiatic shows signs of a common farming lexicon, he suggests that early Afroasiatic languages were involved in the even earlier development of intensive food collection in the areas of Ethiopia and Sudan. In other words, he proposes an even older age for Afroasiatic than Militarev, at least 15,000 years old and possibly older, and believes farming lexicon can only be reconstructed for branches of Afroasiatic.[11][12][13][14] But, the appearance of linguistic terms such as dog, bow, and arrow[15] in Proto-Afroasiatic makes a date earlier than 9,500 BC (coinciding with the end of the Younger Dryas) highly unlikely since dogs only appear at the earliest in the archaeological record after 12,000 BC in the Near East,[16] and arrowheads only appear after 9,500 BC in Africa[10] as a result of introduction from the Near East.[10] Although the fact that arrowheads are found at Lake Turkana and microlithic arrowheads appear in southern Africa (71,000 BP) and with the Aterian culture (30,000 BP) suggests that arrowheads may have been an African invention taken into the Near East by a pre-Afroasiatic late glacial migration. At the site of Nataruk in Turkana County, Kenya, obsidian bladelets found embedded in a skull and within the thoracic cavity of another skeleton, suggest the use of stone-tipped arrows as weapons.[17] After the end of the last glacial period, use of the bow seems to have spread to every inhabited continent, including the New World, except for Australia.[18]
In the next phase, unlike many other authors Ehret proposed an initial split between northern, southern and Omotic. The northern group includes Semitic, Egyptian and Berber (agreeing with others such as Diakonoff). He proposed that Chadic stems from Berber (some other authors group it with southern Afroasiatic languages such as Cushitic ones).
- Roger Blench has proposed Southwestern Ethiopia, in or around the Omo Valley. Compared to Militarev and Ehret he proposed a relatively young time-depth of approximately 7,500 years. Like Ehret he accepts that Omotic is Afroasiatic and sees the split of northern languages from Omotic as an important early development, but he did not group Egyptian or Chadic with any of these."
The proto-Somalis were part of the Southeastern Cushitic migration up the Nile from the area of Kush that included the Oromo. Check out the remainder of this group in Ethiopia here:
http://countrystudies.us/ethiopia/50.htm
For the early Samaale migrations (E1b1b, only) see:
http://countrystudies.us/somalia/3.htm
The Samaale clans only go back to about 1200 AD. Hiil and Samaale may be slightly older, but no abtirsi is older than about 800 years.