Abkan Culture goes back to the early 5th millennium BC bro
GENETICS Ethiopian aDNA (Axum n so n so)
- Thread starter Xareen
- Start date
They had donkeys, which we domesticated around 5000 BCE in NEA.
That blogpost is literal gold btw. We need to mythologise warlike ox-riding early CushitesI somewhat disagree. These guys were incredibly mobile. By 3500 BCE they spread over the whole Horn in what looks like less than a century. We have sites as deep as Koonfur, Central Ethiopia and Southern Ethiopia and Woqooyi all within the time frame of ~3500 BCE, if I'm not mistaken. They spread over a region about half the size of the Eastern United States within 100 or so years. That's wild.
There is also evidence that they were cattle-riders:
Early Cushites rode Oxen?
It's been a minute so I thought I'd come back with a quick and interesting post. A few years ago I caught something presented in the finding...anthromadness.blogspot.com
However, perhaps to your point, they only got down to Kenya 500 years later (~3000 BCE) but that may very well just be because the Horn was so large and bountiful that they didn't feel prompted to migrate out of it in any hurry.
I just had to check and confirm something and I think they're most likely A-Group because we have some minor evidence of incense burning among the PN and incense burning in Nubia originates with... A-Group.
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Garaad Awal
Former African
That one E-Z813 ancient is definitely one of those later waves of East Cushites.
I cant belive i forgot the cattle riding part.I somewhat disagree. These guys were incredibly mobile. By 3500 BCE they spread over the whole Horn in what looks like less than a century. We have sites as deep as Koonfur, Central Ethiopia and Southern Ethiopia and Woqooyi all within the time frame of ~3500 BCE, if I'm not mistaken. They spread over a region about half the size of the Eastern United States within 100 or so years. That's wild.
There is also evidence that they were cattle-riders:
Early Cushites rode Oxen?
It's been a minute so I thought I'd come back with a quick and interesting post. A few years ago I caught something presented in the finding...
However, perhaps to your point, they only got down to Kenya 500 years later (~3000 BCE) but that may very well just be because the Horn was so large and bountiful that they didn't feel prompted to migrate out of it in any hurry.
Its possible the early cushites were aslo responsible for the newly found african cattle domestication that happened 10,000 years ago.
The alchemist
VIP
Oh, on the previous conversation about these Habash names among Somalis. Yeah, the Abyssinians used to kidnap the kids of Somali rulers and raise them in their court. Later, those guys would end up back in their places of origin, one way or another. @Shimbiris was right. This is documented extensively. This Dawit guy definitely was in Habash lands taken by force at some point in his life, but came back and reclaimed his heritage while his name was the same.
I also read that at some point they took one of the sons of one of the sultans, indoctrinated him, and they wanted him to be their puppet later. I don't remember the rest, since this was from a while back and I only read the source to find something else. But it was in a book.
I also read that at some point they took one of the sons of one of the sultans, indoctrinated him, and they wanted him to be their puppet later. I don't remember the rest, since this was from a while back and I only read the source to find something else. But it was in a book.
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The alchemist
VIP
The people from that region are our direct ancestors. But let's not derail the topic too much. There is much to discuss on this topic itself, and what you mention there is a massive one that requires another thread.
Im curious what's your take on some of these samples being more eurasian shifted than modern ethio-semites.
I knew I wasn't going crazy, I just can't remember where I read it.
The alchemist
VIP
Because they're of an earlier genetic extraction that settled somewhere and kept themselves secluded for a while. Think of it as a founder effect, post-stabilization (meaning the early version of Medieval Habash, like the Tigrays, but the earlier phase, not the archaic Yeha period, which would be higher in South Arabian, variantly), but in those earlier variations.
They are like 58-63% Eurasian. That is as Eurasian as Hadendowa and Beni Amer samples. We're talking 30-35% Arab here.
Can anyone do Fst for these samples?
The alchemist
VIP
The relevant datasheets for that study are not available for public consumption. The authors have not yet dropped the preprint draft or the final publication.
From the available information, I can infer quite strong claims that inform upon the questions you want answered. We'd see a predictable Fst value if we compared modern northern highlanders with these aDNA samples. After all, the extant Habash genetic cluster sources directly from or traces in parallel with the medieval cohort. We're dealing with temporal differences of the same continual population history. The bottom line is that they derive from the same genetic foundation.
The southern samples are legit the same as Aari Omotics.
The eastern sample reflects a mixture between Eastern Cushitic, Semitic, and minor Mota.
Do people in Puntland have Eth 4500 bp ancestry? If yes, what on average is the %?
Step a side
VIP
Walaal I think the PN arrived in Kenya around 2000 BCE.I somewhat disagree. These guys were incredibly mobile. By 3500 BCE they spread over the whole Horn in what looks like less than a century. We have sites as deep as Koonfur, Central Ethiopia and Southern Ethiopia and Woqooyi all within the time frame of ~3500 BCE, if I'm not mistaken. They spread over a region about half the size of the Eastern United States within 100 or so years. That's wild.
There is also evidence that they were cattle-riders:
Early Cushites rode Oxen?
It's been a minute so I thought I'd come back with a quick and interesting post. A few years ago I caught something presented in the finding...
However, perhaps to your point, they only got down to Kenya 500 years later (~3000 BCE) but that may very well just be because the Horn was so large and bountiful that they didn't feel prompted to migrate out of it in any hurry.
Table - PMC
How food production first entered eastern Africa ~5000 years ago and the extent to which people moved with livestock is unclear. We present genome-wide data from 41 individuals associated with Later Stone Age, Pastoral Neolithic (PN), and Iron Age ...
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Looks to me it was the collapse of the C-group (Kerma) that brought these Cushites to Southern Africa
Garaad Awal
Former African
I agree, it’s between 2500 & 2000 BCE. 3500 BCE is way too earlyWalaal I think the PN arrived in Kenya around 2000 BCE.
Table - PMC
How food production first entered eastern Africa ~5000 years ago and the extent to which people moved with livestock is unclear. We present genome-wide data from 41 individuals associated with Later Stone Age, Pastoral Neolithic (PN), and Iron Age ...
Looks to me it was the collapse of the C-group (Kerma) that brought these Cushites to Southern Africa
He's referring to ePN. They did reach Turkana Basin by 3000BC - Lothagam itself is dated to 3000BC.
The alchemist
VIP
Somalis in general don't have Mota ancestry. Hunter-gatherers in the Somali region were not present by the time our ancestors arrived (unless we refer to the lacustrine region of the Somali-Kenyan margins). Potentially, earlier Cushitic people mixed with them before us and absorbed what little existed, if at all. We are not a mixture of various Horn of Africa groups, so the notion of getting Mota by mixing with other Eastern Cushites is unlikely. People who have true Mota got historic Ethiopian admixture from Oromos or something of that nature (there is something else I will mention below). Somalis are very discreet with foreigners in terms of population history dynamics, but highly internally mixed. If we had an early gene flow event, our genetics would reflect a blurred transitional affinity that had closed the gap with Ethiopian diversity, thus appearing distinct from extant positioning. We'd also potentially showcase higher internal diversity bandwidth had that been the case.
Some Somalis had contact with insulated bands carrying high hunter-gatherer ancestry, the influence of which highlights a spike in Mota without Oromo affinity or admixture. These are groups that had historic presence in the Somali region of Ethiopia. Through archeological attestation, we now know that, in the broader Dir Dhabe region, foragers existed on the outskirts of the city a few centuries after the Somali settlement during the Islamic period. Over time, Somalis must have Islamized those guys, and then you see random individuals that appear to have random spikes, yet in very minor form.
Garaad Awal
Former African
I’m not of the opinion that those were Cushites nor do I believe modern Horners have any Early PN ancestry
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