New Nubian genetic study [Christian Early Medieval Period]

[Apollo]

Social stratification without genetic differentiation at the site of Kulubnarti in Christian Period Nubia

Nubia has been a corridor for the movement of goods, culture, and people between sub-Saharan Africa, Egypt, and West Eurasia since prehistory, but little is known about the genetic landscape of the region prior to the influence of the Islamic migrations that began in the late 1st millennium CE...

www.biorxiv.org

Social stratification without genetic differentiation at the site of Kulubnarti in Christian Period Nubia

Abstract

Nubia has been a corridor for the movement of goods, culture, and people between sub-Saharan Africa, Egypt, and West Eurasia since prehistory, but little is known about the genetic landscape of the region prior to the influence of the Islamic migrations that began in the late 1st millennium CE. We report genome-wide data for 66 individuals from the site of Kulubnarti (~650-1000 CE), increasing the number of ancient individuals with genome-level data from the Nile Valley from three to 69. Our results shed light on the genetic ancestry of a Christian Period group and help to address a long-standing question about the relationships among people buried in two neighboring cemeteries who show skeletal evidence of differences in morbidity and mortality that are broadly suggestive of differences in social status. We find that the Kulubnarti Nubians were admixed with ~43% Nilotic-related ancestry on average (individual proportions varied between ~36-54%) and the remaining ancestry reflecting a West Eurasian-related gene pool likely introduced into Nubia through Egypt, but ultimately deriving from an ancestry pool like that found in the Bronze and Iron Age Levant. The admixed ancestry at Kulubnarti reflects interactions between genetically-distinct people in northeast Africa spanning almost a millennium, with West Eurasian ancestry disproportionately associated with females, highlighting the impact of female mobility in this region. We find no significant differences in ancestry among individuals from the two plausibly socially-stratified cemeteries at Kulubnarti, supporting hypotheses that the groups may have been socially divided but were not genetically distinct. We identify seven pairs of inter-cemetery relatives as close as second-degree, suggesting that any social divisions at Kulubnarti did not prevent mixing between groups. Present-day Nubians are not directly descended from the Christian Period people from Kulubnarti without additional admixture, attesting to the dynamic history of interaction that continues to shape the cultural and genetic landscape of Nubia.

 

[Arabsiyawi]

Just as expected. I wonder what they exactly meant by saying " Present-day Nubians are not directly descended from the Christian Period people from Kulubnarti without additional admixture" tho. This sentence is plain stupid to me lol

 

[Moholin01]

Sorry, what is the relevance of this study?

 

[Aurelian]

Social stratification without genetic differentiation at the site of Kulubnarti in Christian Period Nubia

Nubia has been a corridor for the movement of goods, culture, and people between sub-Saharan Africa, Egypt, and West Eurasia since prehistory, but little is known about the genetic landscape of the region prior to the influence of the Islamic migrations that began in the late 1st millennium CE...

www.biorxiv.org

Social stratification without genetic differentiation at the site of Kulubnarti in Christian Period Nubia

Abstract

Nubia has been a corridor for the movement of goods, culture, and people between sub-Saharan Africa, Egypt, and West Eurasia since prehistory, but little is known about the genetic landscape of the region prior to the influence of the Islamic migrations that began in the late 1st millennium CE. We report genome-wide data for 66 individuals from the site of Kulubnarti (~650-1000 CE), increasing the number of ancient individuals with genome-level data from the Nile Valley from three to 69. Our results shed light on the genetic ancestry of a Christian Period group and help to address a long-standing question about the relationships among people buried in two neighboring cemeteries who show skeletal evidence of differences in morbidity and mortality that are broadly suggestive of differences in social status. We find that the Kulubnarti Nubians were admixed with ~43% Nilotic-related ancestry on average (individual proportions varied between ~36-54%) and the remaining ancestry reflecting a West Eurasian-related gene pool likely introduced into Nubia through Egypt, but ultimately deriving from an ancestry pool like that found in the Bronze and Iron Age Levant. The admixed ancestry at Kulubnarti reflects interactions between genetically-distinct people in northeast Africa spanning almost a millennium, with West Eurasian ancestry disproportionately associated with females, highlighting the impact of female mobility in this region. We find no significant differences in ancestry among individuals from the two plausibly socially-stratified cemeteries at Kulubnarti, supporting hypotheses that the groups may have been socially divided but were not genetically distinct. We identify seven pairs of inter-cemetery relatives as close as second-degree, suggesting that any social divisions at Kulubnarti did not prevent mixing between groups. Present-day Nubians are not directly descended from the Christian Period people from Kulubnarti without additional admixture, attesting to the dynamic history of interaction that continues to shape the cultural and genetic landscape of Nubia.

54 % Eurasian females? what caused that the Islamic conquest?

 

[Apollo]

Sorry, what is the relevance of this study?

People often speculate about Nubian peoples' origins, this study provide more detail on it. Also, it provides evidence that North Sudan wasn't Dinka-like before Arabs showed up, which is a common erroneous meme about Sudanese Arabs' origins.

Haven't had the time to read it entirely, going to soon.

 

[-adobe_7853]

People often speculate about Nubian peoples' origins, this study provide more detail on it. Also, it provides evidence that North Sudan wasn't Dinka-like before Arabs showed up, which is a common erroneous meme about Sudanese Arabs' origins.

Haven't had the time to read it entirely, going to soon.

Sources indicate Nubians looked distinct to people from the south before larger Arab tribal migration increase in the 14th century.

 

[Moholin01]

People often speculate about Nubian peoples' origins, this study provide more detail on it. Also, it provides evidence that North Sudan wasn't Dinka-like before Arabs showed up, which is a common erroneous meme about Sudanese Arabs' origins.

Haven't had the time to read it entirely, going to soon.

Is this the kerma/Meroitic study you were waiting for, or is that a different one?

Btw, are you anticipating any future studies in horn/east Africa?

 

[Boogie]

The west Eurasian ancestry I was expecting way less

 

[Apollo]

The west Eurasian ancestry I was expecting way less

There are many modern Nubians who look borderline mainstream Egyptian.

 

[Boogie]

There are many modern Nubians who look borderline mainstream Egyptian.

They look Hispanic

 

[-adobe_7853]

There are many modern Nubians who look borderline mainstream Egyptian.

Mounir has a minority phenotype tbh, like 10% I would say have this look.

 

[Apollo]

Mounir has a minority phenotype tbh, like 10% I would say have this look.

Didn't say that he did, but the fact that people who look like him and are Nubian exist tells us that the Egyptian admixture found in many studies is real.

 

[-adobe_7853]

Didn't say that he did, but the fact that people who look like him and are Nubian exist tells us that the Egyptian admixture found in many studies is real.

I can find Somalis who are light skinned with wavy to straight hair but it doesn’t mean the individual has a large foreign genetic makeup.
You could also see Nubians who are dark skinned with straight to wavy hair.

 

[Apollo]

I can find Somalis who are light skinned with wavy to straight hair but it doesn’t mean the individual has a large foreign genetic makeup.

I'd say they are more common with Nubians. In Aswan you sometimes can't even tell who is ethnic Nubian or ethnic Egyptian from the South.

 

[Marshall D Abdi]

People often speculate about Nubian peoples' origins, this study provide more detail on it. Also, it provides evidence that North Sudan wasn't Dinka-like before Arabs showed up, which is a common erroneous meme about Sudanese Arabs' origins.

Haven't had the time to read it entirely, going to soon.

But all paintings in ancient egypt it shows darkskinned ppl with some type of red hair that looks like them niggas

 

[Boogie]

But all paintings in ancient egypt it shows darkskinned ppl with some type of red hair that looks like them niggas View attachment 171889

That's just the color that was available at the time even the Italians made themselves look red on that kind of stuff

 

[Apollo]

But all paintings in ancient egypt it shows darkskinned ppl with some type of red hair that looks like them niggas View attachment 171889

Ancient Egyptians exaggerated how foreigners looked like in an effort to otherize.

They made Berbers and Semites look way too white and they made Nubians look too black.

 

[Marshall D Abdi]

Ancient Egyptians exaggerated how foreigners looked like in an effort to otherize.

They made Berbers and Semites look way too white and they made Nubians look too black.

Didnt nubians rule in 24th dynasty for like on century before assyrians invaded with iron made weapons amun

 

[𐒁𐒚𐒒𐒂𐒘𐒂𐒗 𐒎𐒚𐒗𐒗𐒒]

Where did Nilotes/Dinkas come from originally?

 

[Apollo]

Where did Nilotes/Dinkas come from originally?

South Sudan and far Western Ethiopia.

North Sudan was Nubian and Beja-like for millennia.