Are there any sources historically talking about mystic practices of Sufis in Somalia? I always thought that Sufism was more or less an umbrella term used by the west to describe any "liberal" muslim, and not a clearly defined practice in its own right. For example, people like Ibn Taymiyyah are highly regarded as sufis and yet he declared himself a sunni who followed the hanbali madhab.
There isn’t any difference between a Sunni or a Sufi. A Sufi is a Sunni Muslim who follows the tradition of Sufism (Tassawuf) and adheres to a Sufi order (Tariqah) just like a Salafi would follow Sunni Islam. They follow the 4 madhabs and many Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi’i and Hanbali scholars were Sufis themselves. Sufis aren’t monolithic, they vary in beliefs and practices depending on the orders (Tariqah’s) they follow.
“Far from being foreign to Islam, sufism – the science of spiritual excellence (‘ilm al-ihsan) and purification of the soul (tazkiyat al-nafs) – is a central aspect of the religion.”
Far from being foreign to Islam, sufism – the science of spiritual excellence (‘ilm al-ihsan) and purification of the soul (tazkiyat al-nafs) – is a central aspect of the religion…
thehumblei.com
Somalis were mostly Sufis and belonged to different orders which had different practices and beliefs (Qadiriyyah, Salihiyyah, Ahmadiyyah etc).
I haven’t seen evidence of Imam Ibn Taymiyyah being a Sufi but apparently he did praise the Qadiri Tariqah and referred to Imam Abdul Qadir al-Jilani as his “master.”
Ibn Taymiyyah: "The most noble of paths is the path that has come from my master, the Shaikh Abdul Qadir Al-Jilani."