A new offensive by al-Shabaab rebels early in 2016, and the extension of attacks in Kenya, keep Somalia in second place in the table. Plans by the Kenya government to close down the huge Dadaab refugee camp near the Somali border place in question the safety of the camp’s 330,000 residents, including a significant proportion from the Bantu minority. Meanwhile, Somali political leaders with UN backing have agreed plans for 2016 elections, not on the basis of universal suffrage but according to a power-sharing arrangement. Under the 4.5 formula, the main clan groupings divide representatives equally between them while the country’s minorities together only have half a share, limited to some 11 per cent – long a source of concern for human rights activists, who argue that the actual proportion of minorities in the population is far higher