Ifat, Adal, Harar and Aussa are all separate periods in a chain. The last Walashma Sultan with any power died in 1526. The dynasty ended in 1559, not with the death of Sultan Barakat (There are still Walashmas alive.), but with the election of Nuur Mujahid, " Amīr Nūr"Dhuhi-Suha" ʿAli 1559 - 1567 The Amir of Harar, he is the true founder of the Sultanate of Harar. He built the walls that surround Harar and convinced the people of Harar to abandon their clan and tribal identities and become one people, the Harari nation." Amir Nuur was not a Walashma.
Adal split in 1577 into organizations in both Harar and Aussa. So you have a wide choice of end-dates for Adal. There are those who say it ended with Gurey in 1543 and those that say it ended in 1647, when Harar rejected.Aussa over-lordship and established their own Emirate. If you're going with the last Walashma sultan, that would be 1559.
https://www.revolvy.com/page/Adal-Sultanate
Sultans of Adal
Name Reign Note
1 Sulṭān SabiradDīnSaʿadadDīn 1415–1422 Son of SaʿadadDīn Aḥmed. Won some early victories before being soundly defeated by Emperor Yeshaq.
2 Sulṭān MansurSaʿadadDīn 1422–1424 Son of SaʿadadDīn Aḥmed. Defeated the Abyssinians at Yedaya, only to be defeated and imprisoned by Yeshaq.
3 Sulṭān JamaladDīnSaʿadadDīn 1424–1433 Won several important battles before being defeated at Harjai, he was assassinated in 1433.
4 Sulṭān AḥmedudDīn"Badlay" SaʿadadDīn 1433–1445 Son of SaʿadadDīn Aḥmed, known to the Abyssinians as "Arwe Badlay" ("Badlay the Monster"). AḥmedudDīn turned the tide of war against the Abyssinians and decisively defeated the forces of Emperor Yeshaq and liberated the land of Ifat. AḥmedudDīn founded a new capital at Dakkar in the Adal region, near Harar, creating the Sultanate of Adal. He was killed in battle after he had launched a jihad to push the Abyssinians back out of Dawaro.
5 Sulṭān MaḥamedAḥmedudDīn 1445–1472 Son of AḥmedudDīn "Badlay" SaʿadadDīn, Maḥamed asked for help from the Mameluk Sultanate of Egypt in 1452, though this assistance was not forthcoming. He ended up signing a very short-lived truce with Baeda Maryam.
6 Sulṭān ShamsadDinMaḥamed 1472–1488 Son of Maḥamed AḥmedudDīn, he was attacked by Emperor Eskender of Abyssinia in 1479, who sacked Dakkar and destroyed much of the city, though the Abyssinians did not attempt to occupy the city and were ambushed on the way home with heavy losses.
7 Sulṭān MaḥamedʿAsharadDīn 1488–1518 Great-grandson of SaʿadadDīn Aḥmed of Ifat, he continued to fight to liberate Dawaro along with Garad Maḥfūẓ of Zeila. He was assassinated after a disastrous campaign in 1518 and the death of Garad Maḥfūẓ.
8 Sultan Maḥamed Abūbakar Maḥfūẓ 1518–1519 Seized the throne, sparking a conflict between the Karanle and Walashma
9 Sulṭān AbūbakarMaḥamed 1518–1526 He killed Garād Abūn and restored the Walashma dynasty, but Garād Abūn's cousin Imām Aḥmed Gurēy avenged his cousin's death and killed him. While Garād Abūn ruled in Dakkar, Abūbakar Maḥamed established himself at Harar in 1520, and this is often cited as when the capital moved. Abūbakar Maḥamed was the last Walashma sultan to have any real power.
10 Garād Abūn ʿAdādshe 1519–1525 Successor to Maḥamed Abūbakar Maḥfūẓ and the Karanle party of the struggle for the throne.
11 Sulṭān ʿUmarDīnMaḥamed 1526–1553 Son of Maḥamed ʿAsharadDīn, Imām Aḥmed Gurēy put Maḥamed ʿAsharadDīn's young son ʿUmarDīn on the throne as puppet king in Imām Aḥmed Gurēy's capital at Harar. This essentially is the end of the Walashma dynasty as a ruling dynasty in all but name, though the dynasty hobbled on in a de jure capacity. Many king lists don't even bother with Walashma rulers after this and just list Imām Aḥmed Gurēy and then Amīr Nūr Mujahid.
12 Sulṭān ʿAliʿUmarDīn 1553–1555 Son of ʿUmarDīn Maḥamed
13 Sulṭān BarakatʿUmarDīn 1555–1559 Son of ʿUmarDīn Maḥamed, last of the Walashma Sultans, assisted Amīr Nūr Mujahid in his attempt to retake Dawaro. He was killed defending Harar from Emperor Gelawdewos, ending the dynasty.
https://www.revolvy.com/page/Sultanate-of-Harar
The Sultanate of Harar was an ancient kingdom centered in Harar, Ethiopia. It succeeded the Adal Sultanate. The Harar Sultanate was founded by Amīr Nūr to carry on the struggle of the Adal leader Imām Aḥmed Gurēy against the Abyssinian Empire. It was plagued with dynastic infighting between the relatives of Imām Aḥmed Gurēy and the family of ʿIsmān AlḤabashi, Amīr Nūr's chosen successor. Due to the encroaching Oromo people invading from the south, the Sultanate of Harar was ultimately a short lived state, lasting only 18 years (though if you start from the reign of Imām Aḥmed Gurēy, a more respectable 51 years). The capital was moved east to the oasis of Awsa by Imām Maḥamed "Jāsa" Ibrahim who founded the Imamate of Awsa.
Rulers of the Sultanate of Harar
Name Reign Note
Imām Aḥmed"Gurēy" Ibrahīm 1526 - 1543 Also known as Ahmed Gurey or Ahmed Gran. The conqueror, cousin of Garād Abūn ʿAdādshe of Hubat both of the Karanle Hawiye. He ruled Adal in all but name and launched a conquest of the Ethiopian highlands. While not technically a Sultan of Harar, no list is complete without him.
Bāti DēlōmbiraMaḥfūẓ 1543 - 1559 Occasionally rendered as Del-Wambara, she was the daughter of Imām Maḥfūẓ of Zeila and Imām Aḥmed Gurēy's widow. She was the de facto ruler following his death, and married Amīr Nūr.
1 Amīr Nūr"Dhuhi-Suha" ʿAli 1559 - 1567 The Amir of Harar, he is the true founder of the Sultanate of Harar. He built the walls that surround Harar and convinced the people of Harar to abandon their clan and tribal identities and become one people, the Harari nation.
2 Amīr ʿIsmān"AlḤabashi" 1567 - 1569 A former Abyssinian slave of Amīr Nūr, he was murdered shortly after becoming Sultan, sparking a struggle between his sons and the descendants of Garād Abūn ʿAdādshe over who would rule Harar.
3 Sulṭān ṬalḥaʿAbbās 1569 - 1571 Son of Wazir ʿAbbās Abūn and grandson of Garād Abūn ʿAdādshe
4 Sulṭān NāssirʿIsmān 1571 - 1572 Son of Amīr ʿIsmān AlḤabashi
5 Sulṭān MaḥamedNāssir 1572 - 1573 Son of Sulṭān Nāssir ʿIsmān
6 Sulṭān MansūrMaḥamed 1573 - 1577 Son of Sulṭān Maḥamed Nāssir
See also
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanate_of_Aussa
The Imamate of Aussa was carved out of the Sultanate of Harar and the Adal Sultanate in 1577, when Muhammed Jasa moved his capital from Harar to Aussa (Asaita) with the split of the Adal Sultanate into Aussa and the Sultanate of Harar.[2]
In 1647, the rulers of the Emirate of Harar broke away to form their own polity. The Imamate of Awsa was later destroyed by the local Mudaito Afar in 1672. Following the Awsa Imamate's demise, the Mudaito Afars founded their own kingdom, the Sultanate of Aussa. At some point after 1672, Aussa declined in conjunction with Imam Umar Din bin Adam's recorded ascension to the throne.[2]
Adal split in 1577 into organizations in both Harar and Aussa. So you have a wide choice of end-dates for Adal. There are those who say it ended with Gurey in 1543 and those that say it ended in 1647, when Harar rejected.Aussa over-lordship and established their own Emirate. If you're going with the last Walashma sultan, that would be 1559.
https://www.revolvy.com/page/Adal-Sultanate
Sultans of Adal
Name Reign Note
1 Sulṭān SabiradDīnSaʿadadDīn 1415–1422 Son of SaʿadadDīn Aḥmed. Won some early victories before being soundly defeated by Emperor Yeshaq.
2 Sulṭān MansurSaʿadadDīn 1422–1424 Son of SaʿadadDīn Aḥmed. Defeated the Abyssinians at Yedaya, only to be defeated and imprisoned by Yeshaq.
3 Sulṭān JamaladDīnSaʿadadDīn 1424–1433 Won several important battles before being defeated at Harjai, he was assassinated in 1433.
4 Sulṭān AḥmedudDīn"Badlay" SaʿadadDīn 1433–1445 Son of SaʿadadDīn Aḥmed, known to the Abyssinians as "Arwe Badlay" ("Badlay the Monster"). AḥmedudDīn turned the tide of war against the Abyssinians and decisively defeated the forces of Emperor Yeshaq and liberated the land of Ifat. AḥmedudDīn founded a new capital at Dakkar in the Adal region, near Harar, creating the Sultanate of Adal. He was killed in battle after he had launched a jihad to push the Abyssinians back out of Dawaro.
5 Sulṭān MaḥamedAḥmedudDīn 1445–1472 Son of AḥmedudDīn "Badlay" SaʿadadDīn, Maḥamed asked for help from the Mameluk Sultanate of Egypt in 1452, though this assistance was not forthcoming. He ended up signing a very short-lived truce with Baeda Maryam.
6 Sulṭān ShamsadDinMaḥamed 1472–1488 Son of Maḥamed AḥmedudDīn, he was attacked by Emperor Eskender of Abyssinia in 1479, who sacked Dakkar and destroyed much of the city, though the Abyssinians did not attempt to occupy the city and were ambushed on the way home with heavy losses.
7 Sulṭān MaḥamedʿAsharadDīn 1488–1518 Great-grandson of SaʿadadDīn Aḥmed of Ifat, he continued to fight to liberate Dawaro along with Garad Maḥfūẓ of Zeila. He was assassinated after a disastrous campaign in 1518 and the death of Garad Maḥfūẓ.
8 Sultan Maḥamed Abūbakar Maḥfūẓ 1518–1519 Seized the throne, sparking a conflict between the Karanle and Walashma
9 Sulṭān AbūbakarMaḥamed 1518–1526 He killed Garād Abūn and restored the Walashma dynasty, but Garād Abūn's cousin Imām Aḥmed Gurēy avenged his cousin's death and killed him. While Garād Abūn ruled in Dakkar, Abūbakar Maḥamed established himself at Harar in 1520, and this is often cited as when the capital moved. Abūbakar Maḥamed was the last Walashma sultan to have any real power.
10 Garād Abūn ʿAdādshe 1519–1525 Successor to Maḥamed Abūbakar Maḥfūẓ and the Karanle party of the struggle for the throne.
11 Sulṭān ʿUmarDīnMaḥamed 1526–1553 Son of Maḥamed ʿAsharadDīn, Imām Aḥmed Gurēy put Maḥamed ʿAsharadDīn's young son ʿUmarDīn on the throne as puppet king in Imām Aḥmed Gurēy's capital at Harar. This essentially is the end of the Walashma dynasty as a ruling dynasty in all but name, though the dynasty hobbled on in a de jure capacity. Many king lists don't even bother with Walashma rulers after this and just list Imām Aḥmed Gurēy and then Amīr Nūr Mujahid.
12 Sulṭān ʿAliʿUmarDīn 1553–1555 Son of ʿUmarDīn Maḥamed
13 Sulṭān BarakatʿUmarDīn 1555–1559 Son of ʿUmarDīn Maḥamed, last of the Walashma Sultans, assisted Amīr Nūr Mujahid in his attempt to retake Dawaro. He was killed defending Harar from Emperor Gelawdewos, ending the dynasty.
https://www.revolvy.com/page/Sultanate-of-Harar
The Sultanate of Harar was an ancient kingdom centered in Harar, Ethiopia. It succeeded the Adal Sultanate. The Harar Sultanate was founded by Amīr Nūr to carry on the struggle of the Adal leader Imām Aḥmed Gurēy against the Abyssinian Empire. It was plagued with dynastic infighting between the relatives of Imām Aḥmed Gurēy and the family of ʿIsmān AlḤabashi, Amīr Nūr's chosen successor. Due to the encroaching Oromo people invading from the south, the Sultanate of Harar was ultimately a short lived state, lasting only 18 years (though if you start from the reign of Imām Aḥmed Gurēy, a more respectable 51 years). The capital was moved east to the oasis of Awsa by Imām Maḥamed "Jāsa" Ibrahim who founded the Imamate of Awsa.
Rulers of the Sultanate of Harar
Name Reign Note
Imām Aḥmed"Gurēy" Ibrahīm 1526 - 1543 Also known as Ahmed Gurey or Ahmed Gran. The conqueror, cousin of Garād Abūn ʿAdādshe of Hubat both of the Karanle Hawiye. He ruled Adal in all but name and launched a conquest of the Ethiopian highlands. While not technically a Sultan of Harar, no list is complete without him.
Bāti DēlōmbiraMaḥfūẓ 1543 - 1559 Occasionally rendered as Del-Wambara, she was the daughter of Imām Maḥfūẓ of Zeila and Imām Aḥmed Gurēy's widow. She was the de facto ruler following his death, and married Amīr Nūr.
1 Amīr Nūr"Dhuhi-Suha" ʿAli 1559 - 1567 The Amir of Harar, he is the true founder of the Sultanate of Harar. He built the walls that surround Harar and convinced the people of Harar to abandon their clan and tribal identities and become one people, the Harari nation.
2 Amīr ʿIsmān"AlḤabashi" 1567 - 1569 A former Abyssinian slave of Amīr Nūr, he was murdered shortly after becoming Sultan, sparking a struggle between his sons and the descendants of Garād Abūn ʿAdādshe over who would rule Harar.
3 Sulṭān ṬalḥaʿAbbās 1569 - 1571 Son of Wazir ʿAbbās Abūn and grandson of Garād Abūn ʿAdādshe
4 Sulṭān NāssirʿIsmān 1571 - 1572 Son of Amīr ʿIsmān AlḤabashi
5 Sulṭān MaḥamedNāssir 1572 - 1573 Son of Sulṭān Nāssir ʿIsmān
6 Sulṭān MansūrMaḥamed 1573 - 1577 Son of Sulṭān Maḥamed Nāssir
See also
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanate_of_Aussa
The Imamate of Aussa was carved out of the Sultanate of Harar and the Adal Sultanate in 1577, when Muhammed Jasa moved his capital from Harar to Aussa (Asaita) with the split of the Adal Sultanate into Aussa and the Sultanate of Harar.[2]
In 1647, the rulers of the Emirate of Harar broke away to form their own polity. The Imamate of Awsa was later destroyed by the local Mudaito Afar in 1672. Following the Awsa Imamate's demise, the Mudaito Afars founded their own kingdom, the Sultanate of Aussa. At some point after 1672, Aussa declined in conjunction with Imam Umar Din bin Adam's recorded ascension to the throne.[2]