It's interesting how dictators start of as pretty decent than the older they get the more blood thirsty and harsh they get until they get over thrown.
I mean..yeah. That’s just how it played out in every nation’s history.
On topic, well, as an outsider (“admixed” East Asian) and through observations of various forums and related topics I would guess a straight up demonstration would only come out as fruitless. Judging by comments above it also seem to me that an immediate military coup would not be the best choice of option.
How about the mass introduction and exposure of media (not just the viewpoints of European and Americans but the globe) and a reformation of some seemingly old religious elements?
Btw, I know most Northeast African countries already have that but what I’m trying to say is the expansion of these sort of things INTO rural areas, and starting from the youth and teenagers.
Perhaps

, only by disassociating oneself with a deep rooted culture can people truly think outside of the box. Increasing collaboration with those outside of the Arab league and EU would probably broaden the perspective, but that also require cooperation of those distant countries and as far as I know, Chinese businessmen are as well exploiting their employed people in some places of East Africa. So maybe the bigger nations would be off the list.
Through that (mass reformation of the educational system and new collaborating partners), the GDP might grow and the students who studied extensively abroad could return with the required knowledge to help better their ancestral lands.
That is, if everything just play out the way I describe.
Last, the “dictators”, as some describe them, would be the last but most important problem. Kinda dumb, but, could they be negotiated with using extensive, detailed papers and accept some terms through peaceful demonstrations? Peaceful demonstrations backed up by the youth who trained sufficiently in military systems abroad (US, Russia, that French thing…etc), that is.
So, after that and with a seemingly balanced society persisting for a while, the “dictator” (or, leader with old-school mentality) dies.
Now, is when the utterly transformed people seize power. It doesn’t have to be a mimic of the western system. Maybe Africans can think of a new type of system that limit one’s direct power but prevents everything turning into a massive cluster-f*ck.
Oh, and about the possible temporary “cultural loss”, well, if the Chinese could somehow find it back after what Mao did, Northeast Africans or just Africans in general certainly can as well. So no worries about that.