This was an example of how nationalism in Islamic-majority countries that want to use it as a force of independence from the Western clutches is a contradiction. Ataturk fought off the Europeans to ultimately shift toward Europe in the end, internally. Why is this the case? Because modern nationalization is a Western tradition and philosophy. Nation-states might claim it is indigenously inspired. This is never the case.
Embarrassingly, whenever people say "modernized," it is in the form of Western developmental alignment. Modernization theory formed from the thought that civilization moves predictably in captured linear stages - platforming Western powers as the epitome and near-optimal level of human organizational, ideological, and sociological growth.
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In that sense, I would characterize the Ataturk movement as a complete failure since it did nothing but incorporate Western ideals, values, and concept of Western European "Enlightenment" on a modal pedestal, suppressing Turkey's history with its rich Islamic disposition as a potential source of juncture as inferior worthy of nothing but suppression.