
A small getback
There is significant evidence of Iranian-flagged vessels conducting illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing in Somalia's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and surrounding waters. Investigations by groups like
Global Fishing Watch and
Stop Illegal Fishing in 2020 revealed a large fleet, likely numbering in the hundreds, operating without authorization, using harmful fishing methods like large drifting gillnets that endanger marine life. The Somali government has been collaborating with partners to address this issue, which is considered one of the largest illegal fishing operations globally.
Key Aspects of the Situation
- Scale and Scope:
Reports from 2020 identified a fleet of nearly 200 Iranian vessels operating in Somali and Yemeni waters, making it a massive illegal fishing operation.
- Illegal Activity:
These vessels are operating without any authorization from the Somali government, violating its sovereign rights over its EEZ.
- Harmful Practices:
Many of these vessels use large drifting gillnets, which are over 2.5 kilometers long, to catch tuna and other pelagic fish. These nets are indiscriminate, entangling protected species like sharks, turtles, and manta rays.
- Lack of Enforcement:
Somalia lacks the capacity and resources, such as an effective coastguard, to effectively monitor and patrol its vast waters to prevent and combat this IUU fishing.
- International Collaboration:
Organizations like Global Fishing Watch, Trygg Mat Tracking, and Stop Illegal Fishing are working with the Somali government and other partners to identify these vessels and promote sustainable fishing practices.
- Consequences:
This illegal activity deprives Somalia of revenue and resources, harms its marine ecosystem, and can negatively impact global food security and local economies.