Sabean theory

What is the nonsense on this threads pertaining to Sabean colonisation in the horn, it never happened there is no evidence of such. The Eurocentric garbage that they civilised us is appalling. The writing is also terrible. The Sabean theory has bogus written all over it, they could never have been the precursors.
Habesha DNA is literally the evidence lol
 
Habesha DNA is literally the evidence lol
So is the archaeological evidence which completely refuted what you lot are saying. Are you telling me that the people who fabricated the history then confirmed it with DNA, that’s just shocking. There’s clearly evidence of it.DNA does not work in isolation and means nothing without archaeology to prove it.

“a paper authored by 19 scholars focusing on haplogroup R0a found that their results were inconsistent with a large migration from Arabiainto the Horn of Africa around the time of Dʿmt, however said there may have been some minor gene flow owing to growth in trade between the two regions at this time””
 
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So is the archaeological evidence which completely refuted what you lot are saying. Are you telling me that the people who fabricated the history then confirmed it with DNA, that’s just shocking. There’s clearly evidence of it.

“a paper authored by 19 scholars focusing on haplogroup R0a found that their results were inconsistent with a large migration from Arabiainto the Horn of Africa around the time of Dʿmt, however said there may have been some minor gene flow owing to growth in trade between the two regions at this time””
Im not home right now, remind me in two weeks Ill share extensive evidence
 
“The same names are in the structures” that did make me laugh so thank you for that

You blatantedly peddled their information and then called me a nationalist because I wasn’t doing the same. Nationalism as a poor way to disarm because I am not regurgitating their way.

do you have evidence it was not a concurrent civilisation on both sides? Can you show me a script prior in south Arabia?

no you can’t because you don’t have any. You had to resort to ad hominem because that’s all you have. Either respond to the quotes adequately or be quiet I suggest the latter.
I mean what rubbish is this! Yemenite rules, they were not Yemenite they were local we have already established this!
Listen, dumbass. Every claim you made was debunked, and they were nothing but lies and quotes that relied upon unsubstantiated claims by speculating guys who wrote bullshit. I not only gave evidence, I gave comprehensive, extended reasons why you are utterly incompetent and a liar.

People like you who come to this forum to spread idiocy without any concept of critical thinking are doing a disservice to humanity. Go and learn something and have sme self-respesct and use your brain like an adult. I've never encountered someone so stupid arguing this confidently without any knowledge -- learn the concept of shame, you Ethiopian bum.

You came back a year later without any substance, even openly wrote a quote that lied, trying to use that to debunk what's literally inscribed on the fucking building on Yeha (it gets funnier). :dead:That's not only wrong; you're mentally ill. Usually, people who are like this are delusional in general and don't respect fundamental engagement in discourse. Before you read, go and get your mind checked.

And to just body this fool again, let me use her own source that said the bum shit to eliminate her. In the very text, the very people that you just quoted, explicitly mention the gods I said were inscribed, who were the South Arabian dieties:

"The inscriptions represent a clear evidence for close contact, since the writing, the language (in spite of a few differences of phonetics, syntax and vocabulary), but also the pantheon – with ʿAstar (ʿstr), Hawbas (Hbs), Almaqah (ʾlmqh) and other South-Arabian / Sabaean deities –, point in places to a strong cultural imprint."

What you, through your forceful delusion, stated did not exist, is written by the somewhat ignorant people you quoted. I went to go and check and quickly found out they did reaffirm what I said. That is why I call you a liar.

Furthermore, these people are quite bizarrely wrong in many of their claims, and it stems from their irrational logic and, frankly -- ignorance. We have a genetic test, a linguistic assessment that neatly superimposes the dates of a Semitic incursion (the comparative method, glottochronology, and other methods in several genetic studies). We have dated the Yeha phase and the early Sabean chronology and find it to be in the early 1 millennium BC (and we're talking about the same dieties, and same specific architectural style), as well. Absolutely no one has a leg to stand on if they try to sell a false story when those facts are present.

You can't have a conversation with bums who don't respect the truth or engage with any educational matters with basic foundational principles of respect for evidence. Such people are mentally unsound and are incapable of accepting the truth in front of them, to keep entertaining lies in their heads. The issue comes when they insert themselves among people who see their mental delusions coupled with an arrogant and shameless display of idiotic engagements where they bend, lie, fabricate, take quotes out of context, etc. Their mind are so dingy they don't understand that their presence, in any capacity, is an affront to everyone who takes time to learn and disseminate to the best of their abilities. Because this is not about her being wrong, it's about her spreading lies and trying to assert herself in a learning environment by trying to spread this virus of idiocy and not humbling herself once she is categorically put in her place and accepts the truth. That fundamental disrespect is why I despise people like this.

This is the worst character I have come across so far in this category of conversation. And it stems from her being a psycho who doesn't respect the truth. People who refuse to learn because they rely on their own ignorance to construct false realities are quite mentally ill, but also, they're the worst types in any learning capacity. It reflects character in general, too. They are like that throughout. So that is why I know this broad to be a sociopath for sure. The type who does wrong, then denies involvement and responsibility altogether.

If your people had respected themselves more, they'd raise you better. Instead, they let you become like this. Trying to pollute the space of good people with your nationalist delusions. Keep it in Merja or wherever you came from.

Why is it that every Ethiopian on this forum is always a bunch of lowlife liars? I don't think I have come across one except that one guy who is levelheaded but rarely posts. Not saying they are like this in general, but only on this forum, we get the worst types. They do nothing but lie. We know why, there are many reasons, but it's sort of sad to see. Especially, why do they have to be here being full of shit? Go to your space and throw shit on the walls. Ethiopianist nationalists' myths should be classified as mental illness at this point. How low they will go to defend those lies has no bounds, and to me, that contradicts their human dignity and honest self-interests. They think it helps their worldview but whenever you build it on lies it cannot be good. If it turns you into a lying piece of shit; that cannot be good. And never true.
 
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So is the archaeological evidence which completely refuted what you lot are saying. Are you telling me that the people who fabricated the history then confirmed it with DNA, that’s just shocking. There’s clearly evidence of it.DNA does not work in isolation and means nothing without archaeology to prove it.

“a paper authored by 19 scholars focusing on haplogroup R0a found that their results were inconsistent with a large migration from Arabiainto the Horn of Africa around the time of Dʿmt, however said there may have been some minor gene flow owing to growth in trade between the two regions at this time””
What is the nonsense on this threads pertaining to Sabean colonisation in the horn, it never happened there is no evidence of such. The Eurocentric garbage that they civilised us is appalling. The writing is also terrible. The Sabean theory has bogus written all over it, they could never have been the precursors.
You stated the archeological evidence completely refutes the claim of Semitic colonization, but in reality it does the opposite.

The Addi Akaweh inscriptions (RIÉ 9 and Addi Akaweh 1) date to the pre-Aksumite Dʿmt Kingdom period, specifically between the 8th and 5th centuries BCE. These artifacts are among the earliest written records from Eritrea/Ethiopia and explicitly document Semitic political and cultural dominance. Below is a detailed translation and analysis that refutes claims of purely indigenous development and confirms Arabian influence as transformative.

Complete Translation and Analysis of the Inscriptions

RIÉ 9 (Incense Burner Inscription)

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"Rdʿm, the victorious king of S¹ryt, mukarrib of Dʿmt, descendant of S¹lmm Fṭrn and of Ṣrʿt, the wife, restored two incense burners for Rb, Lord of ʾw[.]ḥ, when he became the king of Dʿmt its east and its west, its Sabaeans and its settlers, its Red and its Black. With the protection of ʿs¹tr and Hwbs¹ and ʾlmqy and ḏt-Ḥmn and ḏt-Bʿdn and may your father Wdm (save you) from any opponent."

Addi Akaweh 1

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"Rd’m the victorious king sryt (?), mukarrib of Da‘mat, the descendant of S]lmm [Ftrn] and Sr‘t ‘rktn, erected an incense burner for the Lord, master of ... when he became the king of Da‘mat, its East and its West, its Sabaeans and its immigrants (?), its Red and its Dark. With the protection (?) of Astar, Hawbas, Almaqā, dt-Hmn dhāt-Ba‘dān and your father Waddum .....(?)"

Key Evidence of Semitic Domination

1. Political Structure: Sabaean Hegemony

  • Mukarrib Title: Rdʿm is styled mukarrib of Dʿmt—a title borrowed from South Arabian political systems (modern Yemen) denoting a federator or high priest-king. This confirms governance by a Semitic elite.
  • Territorial Control: The phrase "king of Dʿmt its east and its west" mirrors Sabaean administrative terminology used to describe subjugated regions. The east (Semitic settlers) and west (indigenous groups) dichotomy reflects a colonial hierarchy.
  • Subordinate Lords: Reference to Rb, Lord of ʾw[.]ḥ implies vassal rulers under Rdʿm, akin to later Aksumite shumms (governors). This stratified system has no precedent in pre-Sabaean Cushitic societies.

2. Ethnic Hierarchy: "Red" vs. "Black"

  • Sabaeans as "Red" (qayh): The "its Sabaeans and its settlers... its Red" denotes light-skinned Semitic migrants from Yemen, who occupied the eastern highlands. Genetic studies confirm ~30+% Eurasian ancestry peaking in Tigrayans, aligning with Bronze Age Arabian admixture as a result of Semitic colonization.
  • Indigenous as "Black" (tsalim/brn): The "its Black" refers to darker-skinned Cushitic and Nilotic peoples like the Kunama, who were relegated to the western periphery. Medieval and modern Tigrayans still self-identify as qey ("red"), distinguishing themselves from western "black" groups.
  • Demographic Reality: The Kunama—a Nilotic people in western Eritrea/Ethiopia—were historically enslaved by Semitic rulers and remain marginalized today, validating the inscription's hierarchical framing.

3. Religious and Cultural Imports

  • Sabaean Deities: Invocations to Astar, Hawbas, Almaqā, ḏt-Ḥmn are direct borrowings from the South Arabian pantheon. Almaqā (moon god) was central in Sabaean worship, with no indigenous Ethiopian equivalent.
  • Incense Burners: These artifacts were ritual objects used in Sabaean temples. Their dedication to Rb (possibly a local lord) illustrates the syncretism imposed by Semitic elites.
  • Language: The script is Epigraphic South Arabian (ESA), precursor to Geʽez. ESA inscriptions in Ethiopia/Eritrea (e.g., at Yeha) confirm it was introduced by migrants, not developed locally. The use of ESA confirms direct cultural transmission, as no indigenous writing system existed in the Ethiopia/Eritrea prior to Sabaean contact.

4. Dynastic Legitimization

  • Ancestry: Rdʿm traces descent to S¹lmm Fṭrn (paternal) and Ṣrʿt (maternal)—Semitic names absent in Cushitic onomastics. Polygamous marriages with Sabaean women (Ṣrʿt) fortified elite bloodlines.
  • Monumental Rhetoric: The "victorious king" formula (Rdʿm ngs¹ wdq) parallels Sabaean victory stelae, emphasizing conquest over indigenous populations.

Countering "Indigenous Origin" Narratives

  • Language: Ethiosemitic languages (Geʽez, Tigrinya) diverged from Proto-Semitic in South Arabia ~2,800 years ago, per Bayesian phylogenetic studies. They retain core Sabaean features, unlike Cushitic substrates.
  • Architecture: Pre-Aksumite temples (e.g., Yeha) use Sabaean techniques like ashlar masonry and rectangular altars. Local Cushitic structures were circular and non-monumental.
  • Genetics: Arabian ancestry peaks in Tigrayans (30+%) and declines westward, proving male-mediated migration from Arabia. This contrasts with gradual admixture in egalitarian interactions.
  • Political Models: The mukarrib title and east-west dichotomy lack precedents in Dʿmt’s pre-Sabaean phase. Indigenous Cushitic societies were egalitarian and matrilineal .

The "Red-Black" Dichotomy in Later History

EraManifestationContinuity of Semitic Dominance
Aksumite (c. 330 CE)Ezana’s inscription: "red" (qayh) vs "black" (tsalim) Noba in NubiaTigrayan elites identity as "red"
MedievalKebra Nagast describes Amhara/Tigray as "red" vs. western "black" ShanqellaReinforced ethnic stratification
ModernKunama derogated as "Barya" (slave) in Eritrea/EthiopiaPersisting socio-economic marginalization

Conclusion: Inscriptions as Proof of Colonization

The Addi Akaweh texts are foundational records of Semitic hegemony:
  • Rdʿm ruled as a Sabaean-derived mukarrib, imposing a racialized hierarchy ("red" elites vs. "black" subjects).
  • Religion, governance, and language were direct transplants from South Arabia.
  • Indigenous narratives ignore genetic, linguistic, and archaeological evidence of Arabian influx.
This was not "cultural exchange" but elite dominance—a pattern repeated from Dʿmt to Aksum, shaping Ethiopia’s Semitic core.
 
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