Runaway slave in Islam

[reer_ugaas_hussein]

Why is a muslim slave who runs away from his Muslim master considered a disbeliever and his prayers are not accepted? Isn't believing in Islam between the creator and creation? Does not obeying your slave master equal not obeying allah

Sahih Hadiths on this issue:
Jarir used to narrate from the Prophet [SAW]:
"If a slave runs away, no Salah will be accepted from him, and if he dies he will die a disbeliever." A slave of Jarir's ran away, and he caught him and struck his neck (killing him).
http://sunnah.com/nasai/37/85
Jarir b. Abdullah reported it from the Holy Prophet:
When the slave runs away from his master, his prayer is not accepted.
Sahih muslim: https://sunnah.com/muslim/1/136

 

[Nikka]

Hmm thanks for bringing this up. I will need to do more research.

 

[Nikka]

Walaal I only found this justification

"The institution of slavery does not exist in the modern world, but if it exists anywhere or a situation arises in which it re-emerges, the principle stated in this Hadith will be applicable. The Hadith also makes it clear that if someone has expressed his commitment to serve somebody, he should not back out. It also urges us to show gratefulness to one's benefactors and to reciprocate the good, one receives."

Damn now I have Shaki in the Deen. I'll be back if I find a more suitable answer.

 

[Sheikh Google]

 

[Liban89]

@reer_ugaas_hussein

The prophet became very angry with the man who freed all his slaves.

'Imran b. Husain reported that a person who had no other property emancipated six slaves of his at the time of his death. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) called for them and divided them into three sections, cast lots amongst them, and set two free and kept four in slavery; and he (the Holy Prophet) spoke severely of him.

حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ السَّعْدِيُّ، وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَزُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ، - وَهُوَ ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ - عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي الْمُهَلَّبِ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ، بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ ‏.‏ أَنَّ رَجُلاً، أَعْتَقَ سِتَّةَ مَمْلُوكِينَ لَهُ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ غَيْرُهُمْ فَدَعَا بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَجَزَّأَهُمْ أَثْلاَثًا ثُمَّ أَقْرَعَ بَيْنَهُمْ فَأَعْتَقَ اثْنَيْنِ وَأَرَقَّ أَرْبَعَةً وَقَالَ لَهُ قَوْلاً شَدِيدًا

‏‏Reference : Sahih Muslim 1668a
In-book reference : Book 27, Hadith 82

 

[Thebluesomali]

@reer_ugaas_hussein

The prophet became very angry with the man who freed all his slaves.

'Imran b. Husain reported that a person who had no other property emancipated six slaves of his at the time of his death. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) called for them and divided them into three sections, cast lots amongst them, and set two free and kept four in slavery; and he (the Holy Prophet) spoke severely of him.

حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ السَّعْدِيُّ، وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَزُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ، - وَهُوَ ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ - عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي الْمُهَلَّبِ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ، بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ ‏.‏ أَنَّ رَجُلاً، أَعْتَقَ سِتَّةَ مَمْلُوكِينَ لَهُ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ غَيْرُهُمْ فَدَعَا بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَجَزَّأَهُمْ أَثْلاَثًا ثُمَّ أَقْرَعَ بَيْنَهُمْ فَأَعْتَقَ اثْنَيْنِ وَأَرَقَّ أَرْبَعَةً وَقَالَ لَهُ قَوْلاً شَدِيدًا

‏‏Reference : Sahih Muslim 1668a
In-book reference : Book 27, Hadith 82

Seems to be a good explanation.

https://islam.stackexchange.com/questions/37529/interpretation-of-a-hadith-about-man-who-emancipated-six-of-his-slaves-at-the-ti

 

[Thebluesomali]

Why is a muslim slave who runs away from his Muslim master considered a disbeliever and his prayers are not accepted? Isn't believing in Islam between the creator and creation? Does not obeying your slave master equal not obeying allah

Sahih Hadiths on this issue:
Jarir used to narrate from the Prophet [SAW]:
"If a slave runs away, no Salah will be accepted from him, and if he dies he will die a disbeliever." A slave of Jarir's ran away, and he caught him and struck his neck (killing him).
http://sunnah.com/nasai/37/85
Jarir b. Abdullah reported it from the Holy Prophet:
When the slave runs away from his master, his prayer is not accepted.
Sahih muslim: https://sunnah.com/muslim/1/136

This is a good thing alhamdulillah. They are breaking a contract and think they can run from it, but Allah never forgets. How wonderful is the affairs of our Lord.

 

[Nikka]

@reer_ugaas_hussein

The prophet became very angry with the man who freed all his slaves.

'Imran b. Husain reported that a person who had no other property emancipated six slaves of his at the time of his death. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) called for them and divided them into three sections, cast lots amongst them, and set two free and kept four in slavery; and he (the Holy Prophet) spoke severely of him.

حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ السَّعْدِيُّ، وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَزُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ، - وَهُوَ ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ - عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي الْمُهَلَّبِ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ، بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ ‏.‏ أَنَّ رَجُلاً، أَعْتَقَ سِتَّةَ مَمْلُوكِينَ لَهُ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ غَيْرُهُمْ فَدَعَا بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَجَزَّأَهُمْ أَثْلاَثًا ثُمَّ أَقْرَعَ بَيْنَهُمْ فَأَعْتَقَ اثْنَيْنِ وَأَرَقَّ أَرْبَعَةً وَقَالَ لَهُ قَوْلاً شَدِيدًا

‏‏Reference : Sahih Muslim 1668a
In-book reference : Book 27, Hadith 82

I'm reluctant to trust a murtad.

 

[Nikka]

Why is a muslim slave who runs away from his Muslim master considered a disbeliever and his prayers are not accepted? Isn't believing in Islam between the creator and creation? Does not obeying your slave master equal not obeying allah

Sahih Hadiths on this issue:
Jarir used to narrate from the Prophet [SAW]:
"If a slave runs away, no Salah will be accepted from him, and if he dies he will die a disbeliever." A slave of Jarir's ran away, and he caught him and struck his neck (killing him).
http://sunnah.com/nasai/37/85
Jarir b. Abdullah reported it from the Holy Prophet:
When the slave runs away from his master, his prayer is not accepted.
Sahih muslim: https://sunnah.com/muslim/1/136

If a slave is Muslim that means he was captured as a kafir and converted to Islam as a slave. He is obliged to earn his manumission similar to indentured servants. Him running away means he had no intention of completing his term. This is were the dembi comes from.
If he is being mistreated however that is a different story. “There is no expiation for hitting a slave, except for freeing him.” This leaves the aforementioned hadith null

 

[Nikka]

Search Results - Search Results - slave runs (page 1) - Sunnah.com - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)

Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad (saws) in English and Arabic

sunnah.com

I could only find hadith saying that if the slave ran a way to a land of shirk than his blood is halal.

 

[ANDOR]

If a slave is Muslim that means he was captured as a kafir and converted to Islam as a slave. He is obliged to earn his manumission similar to indentured servants. Him running away means he had no intention of completing his term. This is were the dembi comes from.

What about slaves born into slavery?

 

[Nikka]

What about slaves born into slavery?

There are only two ways in which slaves are legally attained in Islam

1).Being captured by a Muslim army. 2). Being the descendant of pure slave-parents.
Regardless of which way they are attained they can manumate themselves through a contract similar to indentured servants.

 

[Nikka]

What about slaves born into slavery?

The treatment of slaves varied greatly in the world. You can find many examples of slaves that held high government positions. Two prime examples are the Mamluks which were a dynasty founded upon slaves who inherited their masters positions. Another would be an Ethiopian slave who ended up ruling parts of India.

 

[reer_ugaas_hussein]

This is a good thing alhamdulillah. They are breaking a contract and think they can run from it, but Allah never forgets. How wonderful is the affairs of our Lord.

There are only two ways in which slaves are legally attained in Islam

1).Being captured by a Muslim army. 2). Being the descendant of pure slave-parents.
Regardless of which way they are attained they can manumate themselves through a contract similar to indentured servants.

Is there an explanation why it brings you out of Islam directly? I understand it would be a sin to not serve your muslim master, but why do you become directly an apostate by trying to runaway and not just a sinner? A muslim who rapes, does other kinds of zina, murders, uses drugs, steals and so one still stays a muslim, but the slave who runs away is an apostate?

 

[ANDOR]

There are only two ways in which slaves are legally attained in Islam

1).Being captured by a Muslim army. 2). Being the descendant of pure slave-parents.
Regardless of which way they are attained they can manumate themselves through a contract similar to indentured servants.

Reread what you originally said

If a slave is Muslim that means he was captured as a kafir and converted to Islam as a slave.

This is not true. There were Muslim slaves who were born as Muslims to Muslim slave parents. They didn't convert. They were born Muslim. So if they run away, where does their dembi come from? Sins of the father?

@Thebluesomali said runaway slaves are breaking a contract. What contractual obligation does a Muslim-born slave have to his parent's enslaver? Sins of the father?

 

[Barni]

Man, at this point I am just gonna have to stay ignorant because I am tired of this mental gymnastics,

 

[adventurequestworlds1.0.2]

The treatment of slaves varied greatly in the world. You can find many examples of slaves that held high government positions. Two prime examples are the Mamluks which were a dynasty founded upon slaves who inherited their masters positions. Another would be an Ethiopian slave who ended up ruling parts of India.

I think I heard Mamluks became high goverment position and rulers by giong against their slaves owner and killing them turned the slaves owners into slaves

 

[Thebluesomali]

Is there an explanation why it brings you out of Islam directly? I understand it would be a sin to not serve your muslim master, but why do you become directly an apostate by trying to runaway and not just a sinner? A muslim who rapes, does other kinds of zina, murders, uses drugs, steals and so one still stays a muslim, but the slave who runs away is an apostate?

Why does claiming a lineage that is not yours constitute kufr? This is something Allah has decreed, we don't know the reasoning behind everything. There is wisdom in it regardless.

 

[Thebluesomali]

Reread what you originally said


This is not true. There were Muslim slaves who were born as Muslims to Muslim slave parents. They didn't convert. They were born Muslim. So if they run away, where does their dembi come from? Sins of the father?

@Thebluesomali said runaway slaves are breaking a contract. What contractual obligation does a Muslim-born slave have to his parent's enslaver? Sins of the father?

Umm walad (mother of child) is a title given to a woman who gave birth to her master's child. In early Islam, Caliph Umar had decreed several rights for a concubine who gave birth

1. she cannot be separated from her child or sold,
2. she is a free woman at the death of her master,
3. the child is free and legally equal to the children from the master's wife.

These rules gave more rights to slaves than were given in Roman and Greek laws, where the child of a slave was also considered a slave.

Abdullah ibn Umar reported: Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, said:

When a servant woman gives birth from her master, then he may not sell her, or bestow her, or bequeath her. He may enjoy her and she becomes free when he dies.
Source: al-Muwaṭṭa’ 1509, Grade: Sahih

 

[Thebluesomali]

What I mentioned above is specifically about children of the owner and slave. As for two slaves having a child, they belong to their parents master. I don't see the problem with that, they are obligated to work for their owner until he grants them freedom. Islam promotes the freeing of slaves, even if they don't gain freedom, the way Islam orders for slaves to be treated is almost like they are your own family. Allah is just.