HISTORY Pre colonial maps of Somalia

[chut]

Does anyone know why Mogadishu is a part of Zanzibar and why Puntland is called Ajan in these maps?

1830 map of Africa:

Link: https://www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~28119~1120251:Africa-?sort=pub_list_no&mi=0&trs=11&qvq=w4s:/where/Africa/when/1830;sortub_list_no;lc:RUMSEY~8~1

1839 map of Africa:

Link: https://www.sciencephoto.com/media/722990/view/map-of-africa-1839

1852 map of Africa:

Link: https://static-prod.lib.princeton.e...websites/africa/maps-continent/continent.html

 

[Thegoodshepherd]

This is a good map from 1849:
Map of the Somauli Coast Showing the Position of the Tribes

 

[Guure⁸]

@Step a side I thought ajan meant hawiye why is it on puntland?

 

[Step a side]

@Step a side I thought ajan meant hawiye why is it on puntland?

Mogadishu was politically under Zanzibar during the 1800s.

The clearest and most detailed source on Ajan come from the legendary Portuguese explorers and navigators of the 1500s. You can’t get more primary than this.

DUARTE BARBOSA (1518)
Quote 1 – “Land of Ajan” = Mogadishu region

“Beyond the Cape of Guardafui begins the Land of Ajan, which continues along the coast for many leagues, and in this land is the city of Magadoxo, the chief and lord of all that coast.”

Quote 2 – Ajan ruled by “Hawiya / Hawia”

(Spelling varies: Hauya, Hauia, Hawiya)

“These people are called Hauyas, and they are the greatest and most powerful in those parts of Ethiopia, and all the land of Ajan belongs to them.”

Quote 3 – Mogadishu as capital of Ajan

“Magadoxo is the principal city of the Ajan Coast and the lord of it is obeyed in all the towns of Ajan.”

Quote 4 – Towns under Ajan (Barbosa lists them)

“From Magadoxo follow these towns of the Ajan Coast: Marcā (Merka), Brava (Baraawe),, and others lesser in name.”

Quote 5 – Barbosa identifies the people of Merka as ‘Somali’

“The people of the town which they call Maracatos (Merka) are Somalis, speaking the same tongue as those of Magadoxo.”



JOÃO DE BARROS – Décadas da Ásia (1552–1615)

Barros confirms Barbosa and expands the geography.

Quote 1 – Ajan as an ethnic-political entity

“All this coast which the Moors call Aião the Ethiopians call Hauia, for the Hauia are the people who dominate the land of Ajan.”

Quote 2 – Mogadishu the metropolis of the Ajan Coast

“The city of Magadasho is the head of the lordship of Aião, and all the towns of that coast acknowledge its supremacy.”

Quote 3 – Ajan extending over much of the Somali coast

“From the Cape of Guardafui to the land of Pate is known to the Moors as Aião, for it is inhabited by the same people.”



GASPAR CORREIA – Lendas da Índia (c.1550–1560)

Gaspar Correia confirms Hawiye dominance of the Ajan region.

Quote 1 – Ajan ruled by Hawiya

“The lord of Magadoxo is of the lineage of the Hauia, who hold all the coast of Ajan as far as Brava.”

Quote 2 – Ajan as the Somali coast

“The coast they call Ajan is peopled by those whom the Moors name Somalis, and they speak the tongue of Magadoxo.”



VALENTIM FERNANDES (c.1506–1510)

One of the earliest detailed descriptions.

Quote 1 – Earliest use of ‘Ajan’

“After Cape Guardafui begins the land called Ajan, whose principal city is Magadosho, a great city of the Moors.”

Quote 2 – Hawiya controlling the Ajan Coast

“The people of this land are called Hauia, very warlike, and all the towns from Magadosho to Merca and Brava belong to them.”

Quote 3 – Somali identity noted

“The Moors of this coast call themselves Somalis, and their tongue is one.”



Francisco Álvares (1520s)

“Magadazo in the land of Ajan is the city of the Hauia, famous for its merchants.”

Tomé Pires – Suma Oriental (1512)

“Ajan is a land of many towns, the greatest of which is Magadoxo, whose people are called Auia (Hawiya).”

 

[Step a side]

^ source


Duarte Barbosa
Barbosa, Duarte. The Book of Duarte Barbosa: An Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by Henry E.J. Stanley. London: Hakluyt Society, 1866.

João de Barros
Barros, João de. Ásia de João de Barros: Dos Feitos que os Portugueses Fizeram no Descobrimento e Conquista dos Mares e Terras do Oriente, Décadas I–IV. Lisbon: Regia Officina Typographica, 1778–1788.

Gaspar Correia
Correia, Gaspar. Lendas da Índia, Vols. 1–2. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional, 1858–1860.

Valentim Fernandes
Fernandes, Valentim. Description of the Coast of East Africa and Malabar in the Beginning of the Sixteenth Century. London: Hakluyt Society, 1913.

Francisco Álvares
Álvares, Francisco. The Prester John of the Indies. Translated by Lord Stanley of Alderley. London: Hakluyt Society, 1881.

Tomé Pires
Pires, Tomé. The Suma Oriental of Tomé Pires. Translated by Armando Cortesão. London: Hakluyt Society, 1944.

 

[Guure⁸]

Mogadishu was politically under Zanzibar during the 1800s.

The clearest and most detailed source on Ajan come from the legendary Portuguese explorers and navigators of the 1500s. You can’t get more primary than this.

DUARTE BARBOSA (1518)
Quote 1 – “Land of Ajan” = Mogadishu region

“Beyond the Cape of Guardafui begins the Land of Ajan, which continues along the coast for many leagues, and in this land is the city of Magadoxo, the chief and lord of all that coast.”

Quote 2 – Ajan ruled by “Hawiya / Hawia”

(Spelling varies: Hauya, Hauia, Hawiya)

“These people are called Hauyas, and they are the greatest and most powerful in those parts of Ethiopia, and all the land of Ajan belongs to them.”

Quote 3 – Mogadishu as capital of Ajan

“Magadoxo is the principal city of the Ajan Coast and the lord of it is obeyed in all the towns of Ajan.”

Quote 4 – Towns under Ajan (Barbosa lists them)

“From Magadoxo follow these towns of the Ajan Coast: Marcā (Merka), Brava (Baraawe),, and others lesser in name.”

Quote 5 – Barbosa identifies the people of Merka as ‘Somali’

“The people of the town which they call Maracatos (Merka) are Somalis, speaking the same tongue as those of Magadoxo.”



JOÃO DE BARROS – Décadas da Ásia (1552–1615)

Barros confirms Barbosa and expands the geography.

Quote 1 – Ajan as an ethnic-political entity

“All this coast which the Moors call Aião the Ethiopians call Hauia, for the Hauia are the people who dominate the land of Ajan.”

Quote 2 – Mogadishu the metropolis of the Ajan Coast

“The city of Magadasho is the head of the lordship of Aião, and all the towns of that coast acknowledge its supremacy.”

Quote 3 – Ajan extending over much of the Somali coast

“From the Cape of Guardafui to the land of Pate is known to the Moors as Aião, for it is inhabited by the same people.”



GASPAR CORREIA – Lendas da Índia (c.1550–1560)

Gaspar Correia confirms Hawiye dominance of the Ajan region.

Quote 1 – Ajan ruled by Hawiya

“The lord of Magadoxo is of the lineage of the Hauia, who hold all the coast of Ajan as far as Brava.”

Quote 2 – Ajan as the Somali coast

“The coast they call Ajan is peopled by those whom the Moors name Somalis, and they speak the tongue of Magadoxo.”



VALENTIM FERNANDES (c.1506–1510)

One of the earliest detailed descriptions.

Quote 1 – Earliest use of ‘Ajan’

“After Cape Guardafui begins the land called Ajan, whose principal city is Magadosho, a great city of the Moors.”

Quote 2 – Hawiya controlling the Ajan Coast

“The people of this land are called Hauia, very warlike, and all the towns from Magadosho to Merca and Brava belong to them.”

Quote 3 – Somali identity noted

“The Moors of this coast call themselves Somalis, and their tongue is one.”



Francisco Álvares (1520s)

“Magadazo in the land of Ajan is the city of the Hauia, famous for its merchants.”

Tomé Pires – Suma Oriental (1512)

“Ajan is a land of many towns, the greatest of which is Magadoxo, whose people are called Auia (Hawiya).”

Then why were u saying ajan=hawiye and ajan isn't just a name of the land?

 

[moosaid]

Mogadishu was politically under Zanzibar during the 1800s.

The clearest and most detailed source on Ajan come from the legendary Portuguese explorers and navigators of the 1500s. You can’t get more primary than this.

DUARTE BARBOSA (1518)
Quote 1 – “Land of Ajan” = Mogadishu region

“Beyond the Cape of Guardafui begins the Land of Ajan, which continues along the coast for many leagues, and in this land is the city of Magadoxo, the chief and lord of all that coast.”

Quote 2 – Ajan ruled by “Hawiya / Hawia”

(Spelling varies: Hauya, Hauia, Hawiya)

“These people are called Hauyas, and they are the greatest and most powerful in those parts of Ethiopia, and all the land of Ajan belongs to them.”

Quote 3 – Mogadishu as capital of Ajan

“Magadoxo is the principal city of the Ajan Coast and the lord of it is obeyed in all the towns of Ajan.”

Quote 4 – Towns under Ajan (Barbosa lists them)

“From Magadoxo follow these towns of the Ajan Coast: Marcā (Merka), Brava (Baraawe),, and others lesser in name.”

Quote 5 – Barbosa identifies the people of Merka as ‘Somali’

“The people of the town which they call Maracatos (Merka) are Somalis, speaking the same tongue as those of Magadoxo.”



JOÃO DE BARROS – Décadas da Ásia (1552–1615)

Barros confirms Barbosa and expands the geography.

Quote 1 – Ajan as an ethnic-political entity

“All this coast which the Moors call Aião the Ethiopians call Hauia, for the Hauia are the people who dominate the land of Ajan.”

Quote 2 – Mogadishu the metropolis of the Ajan Coast

“The city of Magadasho is the head of the lordship of Aião, and all the towns of that coast acknowledge its supremacy.”

Quote 3 – Ajan extending over much of the Somali coast

“From the Cape of Guardafui to the land of Pate is known to the Moors as Aião, for it is inhabited by the same people.”



GASPAR CORREIA – Lendas da Índia (c.1550–1560)

Gaspar Correia confirms Hawiye dominance of the Ajan region.

Quote 1 – Ajan ruled by Hawiya

“The lord of Magadoxo is of the lineage of the Hauia, who hold all the coast of Ajan as far as Brava.”

Quote 2 – Ajan as the Somali coast

“The coast they call Ajan is peopled by those whom the Moors name Somalis, and they speak the tongue of Magadoxo.”



VALENTIM FERNANDES (c.1506–1510)

One of the earliest detailed descriptions.

Quote 1 – Earliest use of ‘Ajan’

“After Cape Guardafui begins the land called Ajan, whose principal city is Magadosho, a great city of the Moors.”

Quote 2 – Hawiya controlling the Ajan Coast

“The people of this land are called Hauia, very warlike, and all the towns from Magadosho to Merca and Brava belong to them.”

Quote 3 – Somali identity noted

“The Moors of this coast call themselves Somalis, and their tongue is one.”



Francisco Álvares (1520s)

“Magadazo in the land of Ajan is the city of the Hauia, famous for its merchants.”

Tomé Pires – Suma Oriental (1512)

“Ajan is a land of many towns, the greatest of which is Magadoxo, whose people are called Auia (Hawiya).”

But marka and baraawe There are no hawiye there Either they described all the inhabitants in this way because they don't know the people well

 

[Step a side]

But marka and baraawe There are no hawiye there Either they described all the inhabitants in this way because they don't know the people well

Merca was mentioned as capital of Hawiye since 1100s. The 12th-century geographer al-Idrisi notes that the Hawiye occupied the coastal area down to Merca. Ibn Saʽid (13th century) specifically calls Merca the “capital of the Hawiye,” noting they lived in “fifty villages” along the river (the Shabelle).

 

[Step a side]

Then why were u saying ajan=hawiye and ajan isn't just a name of the land?

The root word Ajan ultimately goes back to Hawiye. Everything about Ajan is Hawiye. From its rulers to its inhabitants.

 

[chut]

The root word Ajan ultimately goes back to Hawiye. Everything about Ajan is Hawiye. From its rulers to its inhabitants.

So is Ajan the same as Ajuran?

 

[Guure⁸]

The root word Ajan ultimately goes back to Hawiye. Everything about Ajan is Hawiye. From its rulers to its inhabitants.

So yeah ig mj are now hawiye since the maps put (ajan) in far bari of puntland

 

[Step a side]

So is Ajan the same as Ajuran?

Ajan is Hawiye, the empire-like description of the land of Ajan is almost certainly referencing the power of the Ajuran. The Ajuran are not just a Hawiye subclan but many modern historians characterize their rule as a Hawiye commonwealth state. Any area settled by a Hawiye subclan was considered a territory of the Ajuran. The absence of strong Ajuran traditions amongst the Isaaq and Darod nomads is very minimal but we know they have a few important bahs especially MJ, Marehan and OG who have Bah Gareen subclans.

 

[Step a side]

So yeah ig mj are now hawiye since the maps put (ajan) in far bari of puntland

MJ were never Hawiye. The DNA discussions are recent but historically they were considered Darod. There are no traditions of them changing their lineages. The Ajan in Puntland is more about the extent of Ajuran rule in Somalia, which in fair argument many historians quote Ajuran elders who argue the majority of the Peninsula up to Mombasa was under their rule.

 

[Guure⁸]

MJ were never Hawiye. The DNA discussions are recent but historically they were considered Darod. There are no traditions of them changing their lineages. The Ajan in Puntland is more about the extent of Ajuran rule in Somalia, which in fair argument many historians quote Ajuran elders who argue the majority of the Peninsula up to Mombasa was under their rule.

I'm being sarcastic ik mj aren't hawiye, and since when oral stories are taken seriously?

 

[moosaid]

Merca was mentioned as capital of Hawiye since 1100s. The 12th-century geographer al-Idrisi notes that the Hawiye occupied the coastal area down to Merca. Ibn Saʽid (13th century) specifically calls Merca the “capital of the Hawiye,” noting they lived in “fifty villages” along the river (the Shabelle).

It's simply a lack of knowledge, but historically, and based on what we know from oral history of the last 300 years, there was no hawiye there.
You promote the narrative that the Hawiyah were the dominant force in kunfur, but in reality, it was the Reexweyne and ajuran, and some Arabs who dominated the south and the Benadir coast.
The Hawiyah didn't even know how to sail That's why we didn't see them in Yemen, Oman, and India.

 

[Step a side]

It's simply a lack of knowledge, but historically, and based on what we know from oral history of the last 300 years, there was no hawiye there.
You promote the narrative that the Hawiyah were the dominant force in kunfur, but in reality, it was the Reexweyne and ajuran, and some Arabs who dominated the south and the Benadir coast.
The Hawiyah didn't even know how to sail That's why we didn't see them in Yemen, Oman, and India.

You are full of shit lol. Oral history kulaha while I am here quoting Al Idriisi and Ibn Said.