Medieval Harar

CALMONE20###

Roots in Somaliland + Somali Region ✝️
Harar was a centre of Islamic learning and culture during the Middle Ages. The walls of Harar are said to have been built by a certain sultan called Nur Ibn Mujahid sometime between the 13th and 16th century.
 

Khaemwaset

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Between 13th and 16th century?
That is quite a long time frame to have built these walls. I'd understand if it was some smaller city in somalia, but didn't harar have an world class educated class that kept records?
 

CALMONE20###

Roots in Somaliland + Somali Region ✝️
Between 13th and 16th century?
That is quite a long time frame to have built these walls. I'd understand if it was some smaller city in somalia, but didn't harar have an world class educated class that kept records?
The exact date it was built is unknown. From my understanding, Islam came to Harar in the 10th century and by the 13th century it became the dominant religion in Harar.
 
Harar was a centre of Islamic learning and culture during the Middle Ages. The walls of Harar are said to have been built by a certain sultan called Nur Ibn Mujahid sometime between the 13th and 16th century.
Nur ibn mujahid is the nephew of imam Ahmed gurrey. He became the sultan after his death that's when he began building the walls of harar in the 1500s
 
Nur ibn mujahid was Ogaden
Nur ibn Mujahid is Marehan.

In 1935, German historian Kurt Wendt wrote this interesting German-language translation of Ethiopian manuscripts dealing with Amir Nur Mujahid.

It's titled "Amharische Geschichte eines Emirs von Harar im XVI. Jahrhundert"

"Amharic story of an Emir of Harar in the XVI. century"

Screenshot_20200417-170036~2.png



"Tradition testifies Emir Nur Mujahid was from Somali-Darod tribe of Marehan"

You can read the journal piece here;

https://www.jstor.org/stable/43581078


The German got the complete name of Emir Nur down saying he is;

Nur Ali Abdullahi of ad-Dhuha Suha/Marehan

Marehan have his abtirsi down as

Nur Ali Abdullahi Nur Yusuf Mataan Ciis Ahmed Mohamed Da'ud Abadir of reer Hodanbari/Mareexaan.

http://www.abtirsi.com/view.php?person= ... irsiLang=1

Notice his family surname is listed as ad-Dhuha Suha family in the German piece and in Marehan geneology he is part of reer Hodanbari

Dhuha = morning
Suha: beautiful/amazing

Hodan: wealthy/amazing (dhulkaan waa hodan)
Bari ; daybreak/early morning (nabad ku bari)

The family name is basically "waking up to a beautiful, vibrant morning" or "morning light"

There's other sources independent of this that are from the 1970s that state he is Marehan. Marehan inherited the Adal Sultanate after the Imam's death. Emir Nur's descendants, the Ina Nur guarded his tomb in Harar to this day.
 
Prior to Ahmed Gurey Garaad Hirabu a Marehan was the commander of the Adalite troops , after Ahmed Gurey passed away Amiir Nur suceeded, Ahmed Gurey.

After this, the Imam made preparations for Jihad against Abyssinia, assembling his troops and the Somalis with their leader, Hirabu (Marehan)."

The Somalis, weary of the destruction inflicted on them went to the Imaam (Imaam Axmed), led by their (chosen) leader Hirabu. The Somalis with their leader concluded a complete peace with the Imaam.

After this, the Imaam made preparations for Jihad against Abyssinia, assembling his troops and the Somalis with their leader, Hirabu.
 

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