Take a step back, set your ego aside, and actually process the information before responding like a buffoon. Now, tell me—where exactly did I bruise your fragile ego? Was it because I refuted the idea that a militarized Kalenjin group wouldn’t survive in Somalia, or because I compared your past cattle-raiding lifestyle to that of the Samburu? If it’s the former, then you’re an intellectual midget—no one has a monopoly on violence. You should have learned that after 35 years of insurgencies. If it’s the latter, I suggest you read the excerpt below—sounds a lot like the Samburu right?
#REPOST
The first major blow to colonial authority in the Northern Frontier District (NFD), later North Eastern province, happened in December 1915, when Aulihan Somalis residing in the area between the Lorian Swamp and Wajir mounted a huge raid on the Samburu to their west.
The attack which was conducted mainly by the Reer Tur Adi section supported by Jibrail, had devastating results. Besides the 54 Samburu, 3 Meru also perished, and the Somalis took thousands of cattle, small stock, and donkeys.
Following the raid, a British officer teamed up with Samburu warriors, to pursue the attackers, but they were forced to retreat.
Receiving anxious reports from the frontier, officials in Nairobi immediately reacted by dispatching reinforcements to the north.
Lieutenant Harry Rayne, who was a veteran of the Nandi punitive expeditions, was given charge of organizing a British patrol to bring back the stolen Samburu cattle. Rayne hoped to surprise the Aulihan in a dawn raid, kill as many as possible, and afterwards seize hostages to open talks on his terms.
At the same time that preparations for military reprisal were underway, the colonial administration sought nevertheless to negotiate with the southern Aulihan.
British officials held public meetings, with the Somalis where they demanded that the Aulihan return the stolen livestock to the Samburu and pay them dia, or blood money, at a rate of 20 cattle per victim.
Because of these meetings, the Reer Jibrail sections of the Aulihan returned most of their portion of the spoils, but not the Reer Tur Adi Aulihan who, according to the East African Protectorate Acting-Governor Charles Bowring, "escaped practically unpunished."
By the end of the year, the Aulihan still owed 2,400 cattle, 15,800 sheep and goats, and 350 donkeys by the government's reckoning. Only the Reer Abukr section of the Reer Tur Adi paid the entire fine assessed against them.
Finally, in January 1916, colonial government officials felt they had had enough with talking. Consequently, they gave the Aulihan less than a week to pay their fine. The Aulihan responded by asking for more time, but the request was denied.
But still, the British failed to take offensive measures against the Aulihan. At Wajir, the only action that the Acting DC took was to double the guard since he feared a night attack from the many Somalis who had assembled near the government station. The British deadline came and went with apparently little effect.
By mid January, the Wajir Acting DC was aware that there had been a dramatic change for the worse in the British position among them Somalis. This was after a caravan owned by the white-settler Denys Finch-Hatton, best remembered for his romance with the writer, Karen Blixen, was attacked by northern elements of the Aulihan.
The attackers killed 13 members of the caravan and stole stock. Several wounded men were left behind as the survivors trekked through scorched country without water, and a couple of the men who did reach Wajir later succumbed from thirst.
On 2 February 1916, the disaster that British officials had feared would one day happen in the NFD occurred in neighboring Jubaland. There, a large part of northern Aulihan led by Hajji 'Abdurrahman Mursaal surprised and killed the Serenli DC, Lieutenant Francis Elliot, and many of the British soldiers.
The incident actually arose from a dispute between Aulihan and Marehan Somalis not long after the outbreak of the First World War and from which a series of raids and reprisals had followed.
Following the deaths of nine Marehan at the hands of northern Aulihan and the looting of hundreds of camels, Lieutenant Elliot had publicly given 'Abdurrahman Mursaal an ultimatum to surrender the stolen animals to him within three days.
Instead, the government-paid Reer Waffatu headman defiantly delivered a gift of black animals that, by Somali custom, constituted an open challenge to the Serenli DC.
The undaunted, but injudicious, Elliot apparently was contemptuous of the threat and failed to take precautions. Instead, he continued his incredible practice of locking the garrison's rifles in the guardroom each evening before sunset. Moreover, he allowed a large contingent of Aulihan to camp just 100 yards from the government station.
At 7 P.M., while the askaris, were settling down to evening meals, the Aulihan burst upon the British post. They set the surprised soldiers' huts on fire, and killed many of them as they fled the flames. By one account, 'Abdurrahman Mursaal himself is said to have shot Elliot beneath the ear with a revolver, and by another, to have donned Elliot's sun helmet after the raid.
Dozens of Elliot's men were killed in the attack, while the survivors escaped across the Juba River to the nearby Italian post at Baardheere. The Somalis captured the company's maxim gun along with large quantities of arms and ammunition. For the next 18 months, Abdurrahman Mursaal's northern Aulihan, strengthened by the acquisition of British weapons, held free reign over much of Jubaland and threatened British rule in the NFD as well.
Indeed, a British officer with service in the region would later describe the Ogaden, of whom the Aulihan were a part, as "one of the most formidable fighting tribes in Africa" because of their mobility, remarkable endurance, and the skill with which they wielded their spears.
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The reason why governments struggle to stamp out rebel groups is that they have to follow International Humanitarian Law (IHL). Without those restrictions, you’d see something like the Wagalla Massacre because cutting off the enemy’s supply chain isn’t hard if you know where to look.
A community like the Kalenjin, known for its guerrilla tactics (hit-and-run), would thrive anywhere in the world. By the time their enemies regroup, they’re already gone—leaving a trail of bodies behind. And if you try to chase them, you’re walking straight into an ambush on their turf, where they have the upper hand.
Consider this: a drive from Mandera to Isiolo takes about 14 hours in an ideal world. In reality, it’s probably double that due to bad roads. Now imagine commanding an army over that distance while hunting an enemy that's known for their endurance. It’s like trying to find a needle in a haystack because you don't know if they went straight to Isiolo or took the Moyale route (see map below, it's an 8 hr journey) and the civilians won't be of much help. The Americans had the same problem when they were hunting down Joseph Kony in the DRC.
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NB: I find this lifestyle primitive and counterproductive to a civilized society. It's one of the reasons why places like South Sudan and the DRC continue to face intercommunal violence and insecurity.