''I didn't say that duudeee!''
Explain this though.
A straw man is a form of argument and an informal fallacy based on giving the impression of refuting an opponent's argument, while actually refuting an argument that was not presented by that opponent. One who engages in this fallacy is said to be "attacking a straw man"
Ceeb! Maxa kuu daxay maa walantahay.
I provided a long list of sources, if you knew how to read..
Wait, you're mentally disabled sorry about that I forgot.
- Yemen: Turning over a New Leaf: Khat Chewing Is on the Rise in Yemen, Raising Concerns about the Health and Social Consequences". Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 86(10): 741–42. doi:10.2471/BLT.08.011008. PMC 2649518. PMID 18949206. Retrieved 9 January 2014.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Nutt, D.; King, L.A.; Saulsbury, C.; Blakemore, Colin (March 2007). "Development of a rational scale to assess the harm of drugs of potential misuse". Lancet. 369 (9566): 1047–53. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60464-4. PMID 17382831.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d Manghi, Rita Annoni; Broers, Barbara; Khan, Riaz; Benguettat, Djamel; Khazaal, Yasser; Zullino, Daniele Fabio (2009). "Haight-Ashbury Free Medical Clinic". Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 41 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1080/02791072.2009.10400669. PMID 19455904.
Considering that you throw around logical fallacies, I should have expected this to be honest.
With the Wikipedia Link you provided it also backs my claim -
Chemistry And Pharmacology -The stimulant effect of the plant was originally attributed to "katin",
cathine, a
phenethylamine-type substance isolated from the plant. However, the attribution was disputed by reports showing the plant extracts from fresh leaves contained another substance more behaviourally active than cathine. In 1975, the related alkaloid
cathinone was isolated, and its
absolute configuration was established in 1978. Cathinone is not very stable and breaks down to produce cathine and
norephedrine. These chemicals belong to the
PPA (phenylpropanolamine) family, a subset of the
phenethylamines related to
amphetamines and the
catecholamines epinephrine and
norepinephrine. In fact, cathinone and cathine have a very similar molecular structure to amphetamine. Khat is sometimes confused with
methcathinone (also known as
cat), a
Schedule I substance that possesses a similar chemical structure to the khat plant's cathinone active component. However, both the side effects and the addictive properties of methcathinone are much stronger than those associated with khat use.
When khat leaves dry, the more potent chemical, cathinone, decomposes within 48 hours, leaving behind the milder chemical, cathine. Thus, harvesters transport khat by packaging the fresh leaves and stems in plastic bags or wrapping them in banana leaves to preserve their moisture and keep the cathinone potent. It is also common for them to sprinkle the plant with water frequently or use refrigeration during transportation.
When the khat leaves are chewed, cathine and cathinone are released and absorbed through the mucous membranes of the mouth as well as the lining of the stomach. The action of cathine and cathinone on the
reuptake of
epinephrine and norepinephrine has been demonstrated in lab animals, showing that one or both of these chemicals cause(s) the body to recycle these neurotransmitters more slowly, resulting in the wakefulness and insomnia associated with khat use.
Receptors for
serotonin show a high affinity for cathinone, suggesting this chemical is responsible for feelings of euphoria associated with chewing khat. In mice, cathinone produces the same types of nervous pacing or repetitive scratching behaviours associated with amphetamines.The effects of cathinone peak after 15 to 30 minutes, with nearly 98% of the substance metabolised into norephedrine by the liver.
Cathine is somewhat less understood, being believed to act upon the
adrenergic receptors causing the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine. It has a
half-life of about three hours in humans. The medication
bromocriptine can reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms within 24 hours.