Defamation is not the same thing as insulting a person. An insult may be true but its purpose is to disrespect the individual. The other is a false statement intended to harm a person's reputation. There's no law in any liberal country that states you can not insult the head of state and you will never find one.
No matter wich person you insult - a head of a state or any other person - you will be punished.
Here again the geman law about
insult in general:
Section 185
Insult
An insult shall be punished with imprisonment not exceeding one year or a fine and, if the insult is committed by means of an assault, with imprisonment not exceeding two years or a fine.
I hope you understand that no matter what person you insult, you comitted a crime. So every law in this world protects the right of the head of a state to not being insulted, since they are also citizens of a country.
The crime to insult the head of a state has a long tradtion in Europe and is called
Lèse-majesté.
Secondly the insult of a head of a state is generally speaking seperated into two cases. 1) The insult of the head of the state of the respective country and 2) the insult of a foreign head of a state. Some countries punish both crimes some punish only one and some punish none of them.
Germany punished both till recently. Β§90 is still valid for the defamation of the German president. You are correct this includes an insult with an untrue statement, BUT you will still be punished with the general Β§ 185 I posted, even if the statement true.
For the
insult of a foreign head you would have been punished for up to three years, no matter if the statement is true or not. This law was recently repealed after a long debate, where the the Turkish president was insulted by a german citizen. So according to your logics germany was under facism till 2017 ?
Here is the former law.
Criminal offence under Section 103 of the Criminal Code
Insulting foreign heads of state or diplomatic representatives of foreign states has hitherto been considered a separate criminal offence under Section 103 of the German Criminal Code (popularly known as the "lèse majesté section"), provided the Federal Republic of Germany maintains diplomatic relations with the state in question, that there is an equivalent legal provision in place in that country, that the foreign government approaches the German government with a request for criminal prosecution, and that the German government permits the criminal prosecution to go ahead.
In contrast to the crime of insult (as laid out in Section 185 of the German Criminal Code), which stipulates a maximum penalty of one year imprisonment for verbal insult, Section 103 stipulates a maximum penalty of three years imprisonment β an offender found guilty of slanderous insult can in fact face up to five years imprisonment.
I just gave you one example I could give many, but to conclude: Insult is a crime, wich has a severe punishment in liberal counties, no matter who you insult. In certain countries you will be punished with a stricter punishment if you insult the head of your state or a foreign head of a state. Liberalism doesn't give you the right to insult anybody.